zeliha-infosec-journey

Reputation & Threat Intel Lookup Tools Cheat Sheet

The “paste an indicator, get a verdict” toolkit for BTL1-style triage. Once phishing-cheatsheet.md gives you a suspicious sender/link, or malware-analysis-yara-cheatsheet-professional.md gives you a hash, this is where you check whether it’s actually malicious. Same tools apply during the Identification phase of incident-response-lifecycle-cheatsheet-professional.md.


Table of Contents

  1. How to Use This Sheet
  2. File Hash & Sandbox Analysis
  3. IP & Network Reputation
  4. Email, DNS & Domain Reputation
  5. URL Scanning
  6. Threat Intel Aggregators
  7. OPSEC Note
  8. Quick Command Reference

1. How to Use This Sheet

An indicator (hash, IP, domain, URL, email) rarely gets a confident verdict from one source alone — cross-check across 2-3 tools before writing a conclusion into an incident report.

Indicator found (phishing email, malware sample, SIEM alert)
        ↓
Check reputation (sections 2-4 below)
        ↓
Detonate/sandbox if still ambiguous (section 2)
        ↓
Pivot to related IOCs (section 6)
        ↓
Document verdict + evidence in the incident report

Zero detections ≠ clean. Brand-new or custom-written malware often shows 0/70 on a first VirusTotal check. If context (sender, behavior, delivery method) is still suspicious, escalate to sandbox analysis rather than closing the alert.


2. File Hash & Sandbox Analysis

Once you have a suspicious file or hash in hand, these are the services to check reputation against and, if needed, safely detonate the sample.

Tool Link Used for
VirusTotal virustotal.com The universal first stop — paste a hash/file/URL/domain/IP and get a verdict from 70+ AV engines at once, plus community comments and relationship graphs (which domains a file talked to, which files share a hash)
Any.Run any.run Interactive sandbox — watch the process tree, network calls, and dropped files live as the sample runs, and click through the VM yourself. Best for malware that needs user interaction to detonate (macro prompts, CAPTCHAs)
Hybrid Analysis (CrowdStrike) hybrid-analysis.com Free automated sandbox report — similar to Any.Run but non-interactive; good for a quick static+dynamic report without watching it run
Joe Sandbox joesandbox.com Deep behavioral sandbox reports (free Cloud Basic tier available) — more thorough evasion detection than the free tools
MetaDefender Cloud (OPSWAT) metadefender.com Multi-engine scan for files, URLs, IPs, and hashes — a good VirusTotal alternative/second opinion, also checks for hidden/embedded files inside documents
Intezer Analyze analyze.intezer.com Code-reuse (“genetic”) analysis — identifies malware family/threat actor attribution by comparing code to a database of known malware, rather than just signature matching

Pairs directly with malware-analysis-yara-cheatsheet-professional.md section 2 (hash triage) and section 7 (dynamic analysis) — this table is the fuller tool list behind that workflow.


3. IP & Network Reputation

For a suspicious source or destination IP, these tools tell you whether it’s a known-bad actor, background internet noise, or something worth deeper investigation.

Tool Link Used for
AbuseIPDB abuseipdb.com Community-reported abuse database for an IP — shows how many times it’s been reported, for what (brute force, spam, port scan), and a confidence-of-abuse score
GreyNoise greynoise.io Tells you whether an IP hitting your logs is “internet background noise” (mass scanners, research bots) vs. a targeted attacker — cuts down alert fatigue during SOC triage
Talos Intelligence (Cisco) talosintelligence.com IP/domain/file reputation with a spam/malware score — also useful for checking a mail server’s sending reputation
IPVoid ipvoid.com Aggregates blacklist-check results for an IP across dozens of DNSBL/RBL lists in one query
Shodan / Censys shodan.io · censys.com Look up what an attacker IP is actually running/exposing — useful context beyond a pure reputation score

Alert triage workflow: a SIEM alert fires on an unfamiliar source IP → check AbuseIPDB first (is this a known-bad IP) → check GreyNoise (is this just internet-wide scanning noise, safe to deprioritize) → escalate only what’s left.


4. Email, DNS & Domain Reputation

These services validate a sending domain’s authentication posture and registration history — key evidence when building a phishing verdict.

Tool Link Used for
MXToolbox mxtoolbox.com Blacklist check across major DNSBLs, an SPF/DKIM/DMARC record validator, and a header analyzer — the go-to for validating a phishing email’s sender authentication results
DomainTools WHOIS whois.domaintools.com Deeper WHOIS/registration history than a plain whois command — useful for checking how recently a suspicious domain was registered (freshly registered = red flag)
DNSChecker dnschecker.org DNS propagation check across global servers, plus generic A/MX/TXT/NS record lookup

Pairs directly with phishing-cheatsheet.md’s header analysis section — MXToolbox’s header analyzer parses the same Received/Authentication-Results fields you’d otherwise read by hand.


5. URL Scanning

Rather than clicking a suspicious link yourself, run it through one of these to see where it actually leads and what it loads.

Tool Link Used for
urlscan.io urlscan.io Sandboxed URL scan — takes a screenshot, records the full request/response chain and every domain contacted, without you having to visit the link yourself
VirusTotal (URL mode) virustotal.com/gui/home/url Same engine as the file-hash lookup, applied to a URL/domain — multi-vendor verdict on whether a link is phishing/malicious

Never click a suspicious link directly — always resolve it through one of these first so the detonation happens in their sandbox, not your browser.


6. Threat Intel Aggregators

Once an indicator is confirmed malicious, these aggregators help you pivot from a single IOC to the broader campaign or threat actor it belongs to.

Tool Link Used for
AlienVault OTX otx.alienvault.com Open Threat Exchange — community-shared IOC “pulses” tied to specific campaigns/threat actors, free account required
ThreatMiner threatminer.org Free threat intel data mining — pivot from a hash/domain/IP to related samples, passive DNS, and reports
Pulsedive pulsedive.com Free threat intel search engine — aggregates and risk-scores IOCs from multiple open feeds

Feeds directly into threat-intelligence-mitre-attack-cheatsheet-professional.md — once an aggregator ties an IOC to a known campaign/actor, map that actor’s known TTPs against MITRE ATT&CK.


7. OPSEC Note

Uploading indicators to public multi-vendor scanners can itself leak information about an ongoing investigation, so a few precautions are worth building into habit.


8. Quick Command Reference

A single-page lookup for every tool covered above.

Need Link
File/hash reputation virustotal.com
Interactive malware sandbox any.run
Free automated sandbox hybrid-analysis.com
Code-reuse/family attribution analyze.intezer.com
IP abuse/blacklist check abuseipdb.com · ipvoid.com
Scanner-noise vs. targeted IP greynoise.io
Mail/DNS blacklist + SPF/DKIM/DMARC mxtoolbox.com
URL sandbox scan urlscan.io
Domain registration history whois.domaintools.com
Threat intel IOC pivoting otx.alienvault.com · threatminer.org · pulsedive.com

Prepared as a reference for BTL1 phishing/malware triage and general SOC operations.