SOC field reference

SPL Field Guide

The Splunk fields I actually query during an investigation — organized by where they show up (email, endpoint, network, DNS, web, auth, file), why each one is worth pulling, what a suspicious value looks like, and which IOC type it feeds. Click any field for the full note and a ready-to-adapt SPL snippet.

Click any field for why it matters, what a suspicious value looks like, its IOC type, and a sample SPL query.

Default Fields

Every Event

Not IOCs — the fields Splunk attaches to every event regardless of source. Always there, always worth checking first.

index=security host="WIN-JREYES" sourcetype="WinEventLog:Security" | table _time, host, source, sourcetype

Common Search Commands

SPL Syntax

The verbs you chain together before you ever get to a specific field — pipe one into the next.

index=network sourcetype=stream:tcp | stats count by src_ip, dest_ip | where count > 50 | sort -count

Event ID Reference

Windows Security · Sysmon

Which activity triggers which Event ID — the vocabulary underneath the Endpoint and Authentication fields above.

index=security sourcetype=WinEventLog:Security EventCode=4688 | table _time, host, Account_Name, New_Process_Name, Command_Line

Email

Phase 1 · Phase 2

Where the case usually starts — the message itself and what it carried.

index=email sourcetype=email | table _time, sender, recipient, subject, file_name

Endpoint / Process

Phase 3 · Phase 4

What actually ran once the attachment or link was opened — Sysmon / EDR telemetry.

index=endpoint sourcetype=XmlWinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-Sysmon/Operational EventCode=1 | table _time, host, User, Image, ParentImage, CommandLine

Network Traffic

Phase 5

Where the host talked to once the payload was live — firewall, NetFlow, and stream data.

index=network sourcetype=stream:tcp | stats sum(bytes_out) as total_out by src_ip, dest_ip | sort -total_out

DNS

Phase 5

Resolution requests often surface a callback domain before the connection itself ever shows up.

index=network sourcetype=stream:dns | stats count by query | sort -count

Web / Proxy

Phase 5

The actual HTTP requests once a link was clicked or a payload called home.

index=web sourcetype=access_combined | stats count by url, http_user_agent | sort -count

Authentication

Phase 6 · Attribution

Did the phishing lure actually lead to a credential being used somewhere.

index=security sourcetype=WinEventLog:Security EventCode=4625 | stats count by user, src | where count > 5

Account Management

Phase 6 · Persistence

Not logons — attribute changes on the account itself. This is where quiet, long-term persistence hides.

index=security sourcetype=WinEventLog:Security EventCode=4738 | table _time, SamAccountName, PrimaryGroupId, AllowedToDelegateTo, NewUacValue

Malware / File

Phase 6 · IOC Extraction

The verdict fields — what your AV/EDR actually said about the file in question.

index=endpoint sourcetype=antivirus signature=* | stats count by signature, file_name, vendor_product

No fields match that filter.